Sharp EL-738 Dokumentacja

BUSINESS/FINANCIAL CALCULATOROPERATION MANUALMODELEL-738

9Selecting the fl oating point number system in scien-tifi c notationThe calculator has two settings for displaying a fl oating point number:FLO_A (FLOAT

10Selecting the date format (see page 44)• US (Month-Day-Year): ~ 3 0 (default setting)• EU (Day-Month-Year): ~ 3 1Operating ModesThis calculator

11Chapter 2General InformationBasic CalculationsEntering numbers and arithmetic operations• Use the number keys 0 to 9, decimal point key ., and sign

12*1 N, I/Y, PV, PMT, and FV (P/Y and C/Y are not included.)*2 Note that listed fi nancial variables sharing common memory with TVM variables, such a

13Memory clear keyPress . k to display the menu.• To clear all (A-H, M, X-Z, ANS, TVM variables, listed fi nancial variables, cash fl ow data, and STAT

14 Changing “15 ÷ 3 =” into “25 ÷ 13 =”Procedure Key operation Display15 ÷ 3 =s 15 8 3 =15©3=500Enter the playback function.y15©3Switch to overwrite

15*1 N, I/Y, PV, PMT, FV*2 All fi nancial variables, except for TVM variables*3 x, sx, mx, n, Yx, Yx2, y, sy, my, Yy, Yy2, Yxy, r, a, b, cTemporary m

16of calculation (for example, both bond calculations and the TVM solver use the variable I/Y), you can retrieve the value simply by switching calcula

17Chapter 3Financial FunctionsGeneral InformationFinancial calculationsThe following fi nancial functions are available. Use NORMAL mode to perform fi n

18Variables used in fi nancial calculationsFinancial calculations use multiple variables. By entering known values into variables, you can obtain unkno

1NOTICE• SHARP makes no guarantee that this product or this manual is suitable or accurate for any purpose, com-mercial or otherwise.• Rules and pra

19Basic variable operationsTVM variables (N, I/Y, PV, PMT, FV) A. Entering a value Enter a value and then press the corresponding TVM vari-able key.

20The ENT and COMP symbolsListed fi nancial variables are categorized by whether they are known or unknown. When the variable is selected (displayed),

21Compound interestThis calculator assumes interest is compounded periodically in fi nancial calculations (compound interest). Compound inter-est accum

22TVM (Time Value of Money) SolverAnalyze equal and regular cash fl ows. These include calcula-tions for mortgages, loans, leases, savings, annuities,

233. Enter values into TVM solver variables.• Enter a value and press the appropriate TVM variable key (N, f, v, u, T).• Press . w and then enter a

24Procedure Key operation DisplaySet all the variables to default values.. b000Make sure ordinary annuity is set (BGN is not displayed).Set the number

25 Calculating basic loan paymentsCalculate the quarterly payment for a $56,000 mortgage loan at 6.5% compounded quarterly during its 20-year am

26 Calculating future valueYou will pay $200 at the end of each month for the next three years into a savings plan that earns 6.5% compounded qu

27 Calculating present valueYou open an account that earns 5% compounded annually. If you wish to have $10,000 twenty years from

28Specifying payments due (. ")This calculator can select ordinary annuity or annuity due de-pending on the regular cash fl ow (payment) condition

2ContentsIntroduction ...3 Operational Notes ...

29Procedure Key operation DisplayEnter the total number of payments.s 18 N18~N1800Enter the future value.300000 T3—————~FV30000000Set the present valu

30Procedure Key operation DisplayThe number of compounding periods per year is automatically set to 12. Press s to exit the P/Y and C/Y settings.Enter

314Procedure Key operation DisplaySet all the variables to default values.. b000Set to annuity due (BGN is displayed).. "000Set the number of pay

32Procedure Key operation DisplaySet all the variables to default values.. b000Make sure ordinary annuity is set (BGN is not displayed).Set the number

33AMRT P1=100Amortization Calculations Calculate and create amortization schedules using values stored in the TVM solver.Note: Prior to using amortiz

348. Press i to calculate the next period of the amortization schedule.9. Repeat steps 5 to 7 above.• If you press @ during “AMRT P1” and “AMRT P2”

35Procedure Key operation DisplayDisplay the principal paid.iÍPRINCIPAL=-104852Display the interest paid.iÍINTEREST=-2034283. Calculate the amortizati

36 Calculating payments, interest, and loan bal-ance after a specifi ed paymentYou have taken out a 30-year loan for $500,000, with an annual interest

37Discounted Cash Flow AnalysisAnalyze unequal cash fl ows and calculate the net present value (NPV) and the internal rate of return (IRR).Note: Use t

38Procedure Key operation DisplayBring up the initial dis-play in NORMAL mode.s000Enter cash fl ow data., 25000 JDATA SET:CF0007000 JDATA SET:CF1009000

3IntroductionThank you for purchasing a SHARP Business/Financial Calcula-tor.After reading this manual, store it in a convenient location for future r

39• Press . z or . i to jump to the fi rst or the last data item, respectively.• Each data item is displayed in the form CF Dn= (cash fl ow value) or C

40Procedure Key operation DisplayChange the fi rst cash fl ow value from –25,000 to –30,000., 30000 JCF D—=-3000000Change the frequency of 5000 from 2 t

412. Enter cash fl ow data.• Refer to page 37 for instructions on entering cash fl ow data.3. Press . < to begin discounted cash fl ow analysis.• If

42Procedure Key operation DisplayEnter cash fl ow data. , 12000 JDATA SET:CF0003000 JDATA SET:CF1005000 > 3 JDATA SET:CF2004000 JDATA SET:CF300Retur

43$80,000 $80,000 $80,000 $80,000 $80,000–$20,000–$50,000–$50,000–$100,000–$50,0001. Enter the cash fl ow data.Procedure Key operation DisplayBring up

44Bond Calculations Using bond calculations, you can obtain bond prices, yields to maturity, and accrued interest.Variables used in bond calculationsV

45Basic operationsRefer to page 19 for basic variable operations.1. Press s to clear the display.• Make sure the calculator is in NORMAL mode.2. Se

46 Calculating bond price and accrued interestA $100, 20-year, 6.5% coupon bond is issued to mature on August 15, 2023. It was sold on November 3, 20

47Procedure Key operation DisplayChange the bond price to $92.50.# i i i i i i 92.5 QPRICE(PV)=9250Calculate the yield.z @YIELD(I/Y)=728Answer: The y

48Depreciation Calculations Using depreciation calculations, you can obtain depreciation base values using three types of calculation methods: the str

4Key Notations in This ManualKey operations are described in this manual as follows: To specify log : . h ...  To specify 1 :

492. Select the depreciation method (see page 48).3. Select depreciation calculations by pressing O.• When using the declining balance method, DB (I

50 Calculating straight-line depreciationIn April, your company begins depreciation of a commercial building with a 30-year life and no salvage value

51Conversion between APR and EFFInterest rates can be converted between APR (annual, or nomi-nal percentage rate) and EFF (effective interest rate).•

52Day and Date CalculationsUsing day and date calculations, you can fi nd dates and the numbers of days between dates.Variables used in day and date ca

53 Calculating number of daysCalculate the number of days between December 25, 2008 and August 10, 2009 (using US date format and the actual calen-da

54Procedure Key operation DisplayMove to the last date and calculate.z @M-D-Y 2=[MO]2-21-2011Answer: The last date is February 21, 2011.Percent Chang

55 Calculating percent changeSales in a company were $75,000 during the fi rst year of opera-tion. The second year’s sales were $116,000. What percent

56Procedure Key operation DisplayEnter the new value.i 9800 QNEW PRC(FV)=980000Set the number of com-pound periods to 18.i i 18 QPERIODS(N)=1800Calcul

573. Enter the values of any two known variables as follows:Unknown variable Known variablesCOST SELL, and MARGIN or MARK UPSELL COST, and MARGIN or

58Breakeven CalculationsUsing breakeven calculations, you can calculate fi xed cost, vari-able cost per unit, unit price, profi t and quantity.Variables

5Chapter 1Getting StartedPreparing to Use the CalculatorBefore using your calculator for the fi rst time, you must reset (initialize) it.Resetting the

59Procedure Key operation DisplaySelect breakeven calculations, and set all the variables to default values.$ . bFIXED=000Enter fi xed cost.15000 QFIXE

60Chapter 4Scienti c FunctionsThis calculator has a variety of functions. Press m 0 to select NORMAL mode and perform scientifi c calculations.• For b

61Scientifi c CalculationsExample Key operation Displaysin 60 [°] =s . { 60 =sin60=087cos — [rad] =~ 1 1 . c ( . t 84 ) =cos(π©4)=071tan–1 1 [g] =~ 1 2

62Example Key operation Result4! =4 . o =240010P3 =10 . q 3 =720005C2 =5 . p 2 =1000What is 25% of 500?500 x 25 . %12500Whatpercentage of 400 is 120?1

63Random integerAn integer between 0 and 99 can be generated randomly by pressing . | 3 =. To generate further random numbers in succession, press = f

64Chapter 5Statistical FunctionsStatistical calculations can be performed in STAT mode. The symbol will be visible if you are in STAT mode.There are

65• You can enter a total of up to 100 statistical and/or cash fl ow data items. For single-variable data, a data set without a frequency is counted a

66Confi rming and editing data• Use z / i to display a data item from a previously entered data set.• Press . z or . i to jump to the fi rst or last dat

67 Editing statistical dataChange the previously entered data from page 65 as follows:Procedure Key operation DisplayDisplay the statistical data.iX1

68The estimate of y for a given x (estimate y´) and the estimate of x for a given y (estimate x´) can also be found. When there are two x values, the

6Calculator and Display LayoutCalculator layout Cursor keys MODE key Key operation keys SET UP key Display screen PowerON/OFF and Clear key Di

69 Single-variable statistical calculationExample Key operation Resultm 1 0 . bStat —0009595 JDATA SET=1008080 JDATA SET=20080JDATA SET=30075757575 &

70 Linear regression calculationExample Key operation Resultxym 1 1 Stat 1000252 > 5 JDATA SET=10025JDATA SET=20012 2412 > 24 JDATA SET=3002121

71 Quadratic regression calculationExample Key operation Resultxym 1 2 Stat 200012 4112 > 41 JDATA SET=1008138 > 13 JDATA SET=200525 > 2 JDA

72AppendixFinancial Calculation FormulasTVM solverPMT, PV, FV, NErrorI/YIf PMT = 0 thenIf N = 1 thenIf PMT  0 or N  1 then  nd i using the fol-lowi

73Bond calculationsIn its bond calculations, this calculator conforms to rules set up by the book titled Standard Securities Calculation Methods, by J

74Depreciation calculationsROUND(NUM): If a display notation tab setting has been chosen, NUM is rounded and truncated to the speci ed number of plac

7530/3601. Adjust D1 and D2 according to the fol-lowing rules:(1) If D2 and D1 are both the last day of February, change D2 to 30.(2) If D1 is the las

76Errors and Calculation RangesErrorsAn error will occur if an operation exceeds the calculation rang-es, or if a mathematically illegal operation is

77Equation too long (Error 4):• The equation exceeded its maximum input buffer (160 charac-ters).An equation must be shorter than 160 characters.No s

78Calculation ranges of functions• Within the ranges specifi ed, this calculator is accurate to within ±1 of the least signifi cant digit of the mantis

7Display layoutExponentEquation/variable name displaySymbolMantissa• During actual use, not all symbols are displayed at the same time.• Only the sy

79Function Calculation rangexy• y > 0: –10100 < 1—x log y < 100 (x  0)• y = 0: 0 < x < 10100• y < 0: x = 2n – 1(0 < | x | <

80Battery ReplacementNotes on battery replacementImproper handling of battery can cause electrolyte leakage or explosion. Be sure to observe the follo

81Replacement procedure1. Turn the power off by pressing . c.2. Loosen the screw and remove the battery cover. (see fi g. 1)3. Remove the used batte

82 Key operation and calculation priority5 + 2 x . { 30 + 25 x 5 . @ 3 =• Parenthesized operations take precedence over other operations.Specifi cati

83Index>, 37, 51, 64+ - x 8, 4, 11=, 11, 15,, 11, 37, 61( ), 11, 16, 61<, 23} :, 60, 61%, 16, 62B, 54z i g y, 6, 13! P, 51., 11t, 16, 61;, 61:,

84Discounted cash flow analysis,17, 18, 37–43, 72Display layout, 7Display notation, 8EFF, 17, 51, 74ENT (symbol), 7, 20Entering dates, 47Entering numb

85MEMOAppendix.indd 85 06.7.10 8:42:24 PM

86For USA only:This product contains a CR Coin Lithium Battery which contains Perchlorate Material – special handling may apply,California residents,

PRINTED IN CHINA / IMPRIMÉ EN CHINE / IMPRESO EN CHINA06GGK (TINSE1258EHZZ)

8DEG / RAD / GRAD : Indicates which angular units are in use. It can be changed in the SET UP menu. : Appears when statistics mode is selected.M